Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)
When trekking in Nepal Himalayas, “Altitude related Problems” are the important factors to be considered. There is always a real danger of mild to serious problems related to altitude. It is important that trekkers understand that they will be affected to a greater or lesser extent when they ascend to altitudes over about 3000 meters. Altitude sickness, often known as Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) and it means the effect of altitude on those who ascend too rapidly to elevation above 3000 meters. The victim can develop severe symptoms very rapidly if the mild effects are ignored.
I advise my clients to remember the following suggestion when you are on trekking in the high altitude areas above 3000 meters. The following are the basic symptoms of the altitude sickness and to avoid such sickness I recommend few important points.
1. Basic Symptoms :
(I) Loss of appetite
(II) Sleep disturbance
(III) Difficult to pass urine
2. Medium Symptoms :
(I) Headache which is bad
(II) Irregular breathing
(III) Nausea
(IV) Mild weakness
3. Serious Symptoms :
(I) Slight swelling of hands and face
(II) Cannot stand upright without swaying while eyes are closed.
(III) Can hear gurgling sound in the chest.
(IV) Zero energy.
I want to request my guests to feel free to discuss any kind of trouble with their field Guide whether it is simply gastro-intestinal or altitude related.
What to do about Altitude Sickness?
Altitude illness can be prevented by acclimatization; that is, by a graduate rate of ascent (not more than 400 – 500 meters), allowing sufficient rest at various intermediate altitudes. The dry air of the mountains tends to dehydrate you so an increased fluid intake is necessary. Try to drink at least three liters of water a day. On the trail you can drink hot garlic soup that will help you to some extent. When we reach to our destination it is better to make some hiking up to a bit higher point and come down to the camp or hotel. This is a really good way to get acclimatization. You may take a Diamox 250mg tablets the night before flying / going to altitude . Please do seek advice from a Doctor.
If you feel suffering from the serious symptoms of AMS then descent should not be delayed even if it means going down in dark. In such case, should an emergency situation arise, horse, or porter will be arranged; or your field guide carry you and run to lower (descend) altitudes.
There are health-post and rescue centers in different part of trekking area: Namche Bazaar Health clinic, Doctors at Khunde hospital in the Everest Area, HRA Clinics in Everest Base Camp, Rescue Centre in Annapurna Base Camp and a clinic in Manang. The hospital or the clinic will take fees or charges for such services. Your guide arranges immediate evacuation if necessary by horse or helicopter, depending on the severity of the case.